VOCABULARY
light bulb, umbrella, stamps, dishwasher, plasters, paper clips, microwave,
microscope, bilingual dictionary, digital thermometer.
Ex: I work ( present simple). I worked (past simple)
Rules
Infinitive ending in -e, you have to add -d.
Ex: love - loved
Infinitive ending in -y you have to change -y to -I and add -ed.
Ex: study - studied
Infinitive ending in vowel-consonant-vowel you have to double the last consonant and add -ed.
Ex: plan - planned
invent - invented: inventar
live - lived: vivir
talk - talked: charlar
help - helped: ayudar
discover - discovered: descubrir
like - liked: gustar
visit- visited: visitar
watch- watched: observar
design - designed: diseñar
paint- painted: pintar
work-worked: trabajar
want-wanted: querer
study-studied: estudiar
learn-learned: aprender
appear-appeared: aparecer
die-died: morir
Irregular verbs
write - wrote :escribir
become - became: llegar a ser
went - go: ir
see - saw: ver
am/is/are - was/were: ser
has/have - had: tener
STRUCTURES
The structure for positive sentences in the past simple tense is:
The structure for negative sentences in the past simple tense is:
| subject | + | auxiliary verb | + | not | + | main verb |
|
| did |
|
|
| base |
The structure for question sentences in the past simple tense is:
| auxiliary verb | + | subject | + | main verb |
| did |
|
|
| base |
The auxiliary verb did is not conjugated. It is the same for all persons (I did, you did, he did etc). And the base form and past form do not change. Look at these examples with the main verbs go and work:
| subject | auxiliary verb |
| main verb |
|
| + | I |
|
| went | to school. |
| You |
|
| worked | very hard. |
| - | She | did | not | go | with me. |
| We | did | not | work | yesterday. |
| ? | Did | you |
| go | to London? |
| Did | they |
| work | at home? |
Exception! The verb to be is different. We conjugate the verb to be (I was, you were, he/she/it was, we were, they were); and we do not use an auxiliary for negative and question sentences. To make a question, we exchange the subject and verb. Look at these examples:
| subject | main verb |
|
|
| + | I, he/she/it | was |
| here. |
| You, we, they | were |
| in London. |
| - | I, he/she/it | was | not | there. |
| You, we, they | were | not | happy. |
| ? | Was | I, he/she/it |
| right? |
| Were | you, we, they |
| late? |
-
- Regular & Irregular verbs:
Projects
Telling about famous people in the past.
Example:
Christopher Columbus was born in 1451 .He was Italian. He was an explorer, colonizer, and navigator. He discovered America. He was the principle discoverer of America. His discoveries and travels were very importat for the European colonisation of Latin and North America.
Christopher Columbus was born in Genoa, in Italy. His father was a middle class wool merchant. Columbus learnt to sail when he was very young, and worked as a business agent, travelling around Europe to England, Ireland and later along the West coast of Africa. He read extensively on astronomy, science and navigation. He spoke fluent in Latin, Portuguese and Spanish. He died in 1506.